Papers

Publications and Preprints.

2026

NeurIPS 2026 · Accepted

Statistical Inference in Causal Partial Identification under Smooth Densities

Sirui Lin, Zijun Gao, Jose Blanchet, and Peter Glynn

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) · arXiv:2602.20681

NeurIPS arXiv

NeurIPS 2026 · Accepted

Causal Survival Forests with Negative Controls

Zijun Gao, Kyoungeui Hong, Leyi Ma, Qianli Wu, Zachary Izzo, and Ruishan Liu

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) · arXiv:2608.19749

NeurIPS arXiv

Preprint · August 2026

Cubic-Root Gaussian Approximation under Unrestricted Covariance

Zijun Gao and Weihan Zhang

arXiv:2608.30221

arXiv

Preprint · July 2026

Flexible Inference for Winners with Conditional Validity

Soham Bakshi, Lingjun Gao, Zijun Gao, and Snigdha Panigrahi

arXiv:2607.18545

arXiv

ICML 2026 · July 2026

Partial Identification under High-Dimensional Potential Outcomes and Confounders via Optimal Transport

Yunfeng Wang, Zhiheng Zhang, and Zijun Gao

International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) · arXiv:2606.00847

arXiv

Preprint · May 2026

Simultaneous False Discovery Rate Control in Location Families

Zijun Gao, Wenjie Hu, and Qingyuan Zhao

arXiv:2605.09525

arXiv

JRSSB · Accepted · May 2026

Selective Randomization Inference for Adaptive Experiments

Tobias Freidling, Qingyuan Zhao, and Zijun Gao

Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B · arXiv:2405.07026

arXiv

AISTATS 2026 · May 2026

Causal Partial Identification via Conditional Optimal Transport

Sirui Lin, Zijun Gao, Jose Blanchet, and Peter Glynn

Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) · arXiv:2506.00257

Publication arXiv

Manuscript · April 2026

Valence-Selective Routing through a Dopamine-DRD2-GABA Circuit

Jingwen Liang, Cheng Qi, Peiqi Li, Zora Chui-Kuen Chan, Kenneth Lap Kei Wu, Hangzhen Pan, Yuxuan Liu, Tianxiang Dong, Jinhai Ma, Shoxruxxon Alimukhamedov, Austin Nguyen, James Francis Haberberger, Alina Isakova, Zijun Gao, Zhongyu Li, Rui Lin, and Jing Ren

CLeaR 2026 · April 2026

Estimation and Inference for Causal Explainability

Weihan Zhang and Zijun Gao

Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning (CLeaR) · arXiv:2512.20219

arXiv

Preprint · March 2026

On Min-Storey Estimators for Multiple Testing and Conformal Novelty Detection

Zijun Gao and Etienne Roquain

arXiv:2603.17984

arXiv

Preprint · March 2026

Background Covariance Adjustment Distills Shared Genetic Architecture across Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Xinwen Huang, Yunpeng Wang, Qingyuan Zhao, and Zijun Gao

DOI: 10.64898/2026.03.08.26347891

DOI

TMLR · March 2026

Statistical Inference for Generative Model Comparison

Zijun Gao, Han Su, and Yan Sun

Transactions on Machine Learning Research (TMLR) · arXiv:2501.18897

arXiv

Preprint · January 2026

Reliable Conformal Novelty Detection at the Decision Boundary

Zijun Gao, Etienne Roquain, and Daniel Xiang

arXiv:2601.02610

arXiv

2025

Preprint · November 2025

Reliable Selection of Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimators

Jiayi Guo and Zijun Gao

arXiv:2511.18464

arXiv

Preprint · October 2025

MUSE: Multi-Treatment Experiment Design for Winner Selection and Effect Estimation

Jiachen Xu, Jian Qian, and Zijun Gao

arXiv:2510.04489

arXiv

Preprint · October 2025

Counterfactual Explainability and Analysis of Variance

Zijun Gao and Qingyuan Zhao

arXiv:2411.01625

arXiv

Preprint · July 2025

Adaptive Sample Splitting for Randomization Tests

Yao Zhang and Zijun Gao

arXiv:2504.21572

arXiv

ICML 2025 · July 2025

Tightening Causal Bounds via Covariate-Aware Optimal Transport

Sirui Lin, Zijun Gao, Jose Blanchet, and Peter Glynn

International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)

arXiv

CLeaR 2025 · May 2025

Causal ANOVA: Estimation, Inference, Applications

Zijun Gao and Qingyuan Zhao

Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning (CLeaR)

AISTATS 2025 · May 2025

Trustworthy Assessment of Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimator via Analysis of Relative Error

Zijun Gao

International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)

arXiv

AISTATS 2025 · May 2025

Bridging Multiple Worlds: Multi-marginal Optimal Transport for Causal Partial-identification Problem

Zijun Gao, Shu Ge, and Jian Qian

International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)

arXiv

Preprint · April 2025

Selective Randomization Inference for Subgroup Effects with Continuous Biomarkers

Zijun Gao

arXiv:2504.19380

arXiv

Preprint · April 2025

A Constructive Approach to Selective Risk Control

Zijun Gao, Wenjie Hu, and Qingyuan Zhao

arXiv:2401.16651

arXiv

Biometrics · 2025

Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effects for General Responses

Zijun Gao and Trevor Hastie

Biometrics 81.4 (2025)

arXiv

Biometrika · 2025

Adaptive Storey’s Null Proportion Estimator

Zijun Gao

Biometrika 112.1 (2025): asae051

arXiv

2024

EMNLP 2024 · July 2024

Images Speak Louder than Words: Understanding and Mitigating Bias in Vision-Language Model from a Causal Mediation Perspective

Zhaotian Weng, Zijun Gao, Jerone Andrews, and Jieyu Zhao

Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)

arXiv

Biometrics · 2024

PathGPS: Discover Shared Genetic Architecture Using GWAS Summary Data

Zijun Gao, Trevor Hastie, and Qingyuan Zhao

Biometrics 80.3 (2024): ujae060

2023

Preprint · March 2023

Simultaneous Hypothesis Testing Using Internal Negative Controls with an Application to Proteomics

Zijun Gao and Qingyuan Zhao

arXiv:2303.01552

arXiv

JAMA Internal Medicine · 2023

Defining Usual Oral Temperature Ranges in Outpatients Using an Unsupervised Learning Algorithm

Ley Catherine, Frederik Heath, Trevor Hastie, Zijun Gao, Myroslava Protsiv, and Julie Parsonnet

JAMA Internal Medicine 183.10 (2023): 1128–1135

2022 and earlier

JMLR · 2022

LinCDE: Conditional Density Estimation via Lindsey’s Method

Zijun Gao and Trevor Hastie

Journal of Machine Learning Research 23.52 (2022): 1–55

arXiv

Statistics in Medicine · 2021

Assessment of Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimation Accuracy via Matching

Zijun Gao, Trevor Hastie, and Robert Tibshirani

Statistics in Medicine 40.17 (2021): 3990–4013

arXiv

NeurIPS · 2020

Minimax Optimal Nonparametric Estimation of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects

Zijun Gao and Yanjun Han

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) · Spotlight (3%)

arXiv

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · 2020

Effect of Clinical Opioid Shortage on Anesthesiologists’ Prescription Habits: a Retrospective Analysis

Richard K. Kim, Zijun Gao, Trevor Hastie, and Detlef Obal

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · November 2020

NeurIPS · 2019

Batched Multi-armed Bandits Problem

Zijun Gao, Yanjun Han, Zhimei Ren, and Zhengqing Zhou (equal contribution)

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) · Oral (1%)

arXiv