Papers

Publications and Preprints.

2026

Submitted · April 2026

Valence-Selective Routing through a Dopamine-DRD2-GABA Circuit

Jingwen Liang, Cheng Qi, Peiqi Li, Zora Chui-Kuen Chan, Kenneth Lap Kei Wu, Hangzhen Pan, Yuxuan Liu, Tianxiang Dong, Jinhai Ma, Shoxruxxon Alimukhamedov, Austin Nguyen, James Francis Haberberger, Alina Isakova, Zijun Gao, Zhongyu Li, Rui Lin, and Jing Ren

Submitted to Ascona Circuits Meeting 2026

Preprint · March 2026

On Min-Storey Estimators for Multiple Testing and Conformal Novelty Detection

Zijun Gao and Etienne Roquain

arXiv:2603.17984

arXiv

Preprint · March 2026

Background Covariance Adjustment Distills Shared Genetic Architecture across Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Xinwen Huang, Yunpeng Wang, Qingyuan Zhao, and Zijun Gao

DOI: 10.64898/2026.03.08.26347891

DOI

Preprint · January 2026

Conformal Novelty Detection with False Discovery Rate Control at the Boundary

Zijun Gao, Etienne Roquain, and Daniel Xiang

arXiv:2601.02610

arXiv

Preprint · February 2026

Inference of Causal Partial Identification Set from Conditional Optimal Transport

Sirui Lin, Zijun Gao, Jose Blanchet, and Peter Glynn

arXiv:2602.20681

arXiv

AISTATS 2026 · January 2026

Optimal Transport for Causal Partial Identification with Covariates

Sirui Lin, Zijun Gao, Jose Blanchet, and Peter Glynn

Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) · arXiv:2502.01164

arXiv

2025

CLeaR 2025 · December 2025

Estimation and Inference for Causal Explainability

Weihan Zhang and Zijun Gao

Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning (CLeaR) · arXiv:2512.20219

arXiv

Biometrics · 2025

Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effects for General Responses

Zijun Gao and Trevor Hastie

Biometrics 81.4 (2025)

arXiv

TMLR · December 2025

Evaluation of Generative AI Models with Uncertainty Quantification

Zijun Gao, Yan Sun, and Han Su

arXiv:2501.18897

arXiv

Preprint · November 2025

Reliable Selection of Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimators

Jiayi Guo and Zijun Gao

arXiv:2511.18464

arXiv

Preprint · October 2025

MUSE: Multi-Treatment Experiment Design for Winner Selection and Effect Estimation

Jiachen Xu, Qian Jian, and Zijun Gao

arXiv:2510.04489

arXiv

Under review at JASA · October 2025

Counterfactual Explainability and Analysis of Variance

Zijun Gao and Qingyuan Zhao

arXiv:2411.01625

arXiv

Under review at JRSSB · September 2025

Selective Randomization Inference for Adaptive Experiments

Tobias Fiedling, Qingyuan Zhao, and Zijun Gao

arXiv:2405.07026

arXiv

Under review at Biometrika · July 2025

Adaptive Sample Splitting for Randomization Tests

Yao Zhang and Zijun Gao

arXiv:2504.21572

arXiv

ICML 2025 · July 2025

Tightening Causal Bounds via Covariate-Aware Optimal Transport

Sirui Lin, Zijun Gao, Jose Blanchet, and Peter Glynn

International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)

arXiv

CLeaR 2025 · May 2025

Causal ANOVA: Estimation, Inference, Applications

Zijun Gao and Qingyuan Zhao

Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning (CLeaR)

AISTATS 2025 · May 2025

Trustworthy Assessment of Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimator via Analysis of Relative Error

Zijun Gao

International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)

arXiv

AISTATS 2025 · May 2025

Bridging Multiple Worlds: Multi-marginal Optimal Transport for Causal Partial-identification Problem

Zijun Gao, Shu Ge, and Jian Qian

International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)

arXiv

Under review at Statistics in Medicine · April 2025

Selective Randomization Inference for Subgroup Effects with Continuous Biomarkers

Zijun Gao

arXiv:2504.19380

arXiv

Biometrika · 2025

Adaptive Storey’s Null Proportion Estimator

Zijun Gao

Biometrika 112.1 (2025): asae051

arXiv

2024

EMNLP 2024 · July 2024

Images Speak Louder than Words: Understanding and Mitigating Bias in Vision-Language Model from a Causal Mediation Perspective

Zhaotian Weng, Zijun Gao, Jerone Andrews, and Jieyu Zhao

Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)

arXiv

Under review at Statistical Science · April 2025

A Constructive Approach to Selective Risk Control

Zijun Gao, Wenjie Hu, and Qingyuan Zhao

arXiv:2401.16651

arXiv

Biometrics · 2024

PathGPS: Discover Shared Genetic Architecture Using GWAS Summary Data

Zijun Gao, Trevor Hastie, and Qingyuan Zhao

Biometrics 80.3 (2024): ujae060

2023

JAMA Internal Medicine · 2023

Defining Usual Oral Temperature Ranges in Outpatients Using an Unsupervised Learning Algorithm

Ley Catherine, Frederik Heath, Trevor Hastie, Zijun Gao, Myroslava Protsiv, and Julie Parsonnet

JAMA Internal Medicine 183.10 (2023): 1128–1135

Preprint · March 2023

Simultaneous Hypothesis Testing Using Internal Negative Controls with an Application to Proteomics

Zijun Gao and Qingyuan Zhao

arXiv:2303.01552

arXiv

2022 and earlier

JMLR · 2022

LinCDE: Conditional Density Estimation via Lindsey’s Method

Zijun Gao and Trevor Hastie

Journal of Machine Learning Research 23.52 (2022): 1–55

arXiv

Statistics in Medicine · 2021

Assessment of Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimation Accuracy via Matching

Zijun Gao, Trevor Hastie, and Robert Tibshirani

Statistics in Medicine 40.17 (2021): 3990–4013

arXiv

NeurIPS · 2020

Minimax Optimal Nonparametric Estimation of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects

Zijun Gao and Yanjun Han

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) · Spotlight (3%)

arXiv

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · 2020

Effect of Clinical Opioid Shortage on Anesthesiologists’ Prescription Habits: a Retrospective Analysis

Richard K. Kim, Zijun Gao, Trevor Hastie, and Detlef Obal

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · November 2020

NeurIPS · 2019

Batched Multi-armed Bandits Problem

Zijun Gao, Yanjun Han, Zhimei Ren, and Zhengqing Zhou (equal contribution)

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) · Oral (1%)

arXiv